Epidemiological profile of Cancer patients in Surgery ward of a tertiary teaching Hospital in the Vindhya region with special reference to high proportion of Carcinoma Gall Bladder

Abstract

WHO estimates that by 2030, the incidence of Cancer will increase by 68% as compared to 2012. This study evaluates epidemiological profile of Cancer in the Vindhya region.

Design: Combination of retrospective and prospective study.

Methodology: All Cancer patients admitted in Surgery Ward of S.S. Medical College, Rewa between 2010-2014 were included in the study. Data regarding age, gender, religion, socio-economic status, residence, dietary habits, addiction and site of Cancer as well as mortality pattern of Cancer was tabulate, analyzed and compared.

Results: 1186 cases were included in this study, 50.25% were males and 49.75% were females. Most common age groups were middle age group (35-64 years) and geriatric (57.59% and 30.86%). 95.78% were Hindus and 4.22% were Muslims. 70.40% were BPL, 29.60% were APL. 67.20% belonged to rural areas, 32.80% were from urban areas. 75.89% were vegetarians, 24.11% were non-vegetarians. 25.97% were addicted to tobacco alone, 1.52% to alcohol alone and 18.63% to both tobacco and alcohol. Overall, Breast Cancer was the most prevalent Cancer (19.06%), followed by Cancer Gall Bladder (10.55%). Among males, Colorectal Cancer was the commonest (11.24%), Gall Bladder was the 4th commonest (8.22%). Among females, Breast was the commonest (37.12%) and Gall Bladder was the 2nd commonest (12.88%). Gall Bladder cancer was the commonest (13.93%) in geriatric age group. Gall Bladder cancer was the commonest cause of Cancer deaths overall.

Conclusion: Cancer of Gall bladder has emerged as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this study.